Use the steps above to determine a unique solution to the system of equations:
Following step 1, we see that we can rewrite
We can now substitute the values
Thus, the unique solution to the system is
Observe the two systems of equations below:
System
System
Determine if each system is underdetermined, overdetermined, or balanced. Explain.
Is there a unique solution to (1)? If so, state the solution. If not, how many solutions are there? Show your work.
Is there a unique solution to (2)? If so, state the solution. If not, how many solutions are there? Show your work.
For system (1), there are 2 variables and 3 equations. Thus, since there are more equations that there are variables, the system is overdetermined.
For system (2), there are 3 variables and 3 equations. Thus, since there are the same number of equations and variables, the system is balanced.
From part (a), the system (1) is overdetermined, so there are either infinitely many solutions, one solution, or no solutions. To determine which of these is true for this system, we follow the four steps above.
We can rewrite the first equation to get
Thus, we have the solution
From part (a), the system (2) is balanced, so there are either infinitely many solutions, one solution, or no solutions. To determine which of these is true for this system, we follow the four steps above.
We can rewrite the third equation to get
Once again, we can rewrite this equation as
We can now substitute
Finally, we substitute both
Thus, we have the unique solution for the system to be
For each of the four matrices above that are not in RREF, determine which of the four conditions of a matrix in RREF are not true.
For the first matrix, the fourth condition is not true because there is a 3 in the same column as the leading 1 in the second row.
For the second matrix, the third condition is not true because there is a row with all 0 elements above a row with a non-zero element.
For the third matrix, the first condition is not true because the first element in the second row is 2, not a leading 1.
For the fourth matrix, the second condition is not true because the leading in the second row is in a column to the left of the leading 1 in the first row.
Determine the RREF of
The RREF of the first matrix is determined by the following:
Thus
The RREF of the second matrix is given by:
Thus,
Determine if the following systems of equations are underdetermined, overdetermined or balanced. Provide a brief explanation.
Solution:
This system has 3 variables:
The left side of this augmented matrix has 3 columns and 2 rows. Since there are more columns than rows, this system is underdetermined.
The left side of this augmented matrix has 2 columns and 3 rows. Since there are more rows than columns, this system is overdetermined.
This system has 3 variables:
The left side of this augmented matrix has 3 columns and 3 rows. Since there are the same number of rows and columns, this system is balanced.
This system has 1 variable 1:
Convert the following system of equations into an augmented matrix:
Solution: This system of equations is equivalent to the following augmented matrix:
Convert the following augmented matrix into a system of equations, with variables of your choosing:
Solution: Answers will vary depending on variables used. However, the general form of the equivalent system of equations for this augmented matrix is:
Determine a unique solution for the following systems of equations using substitution. If there is no unique solution, state how many solutions the system has.
Solution:
Using algebra, we can isolate
Clearly this equation doesn’t make any mathematical sense, but it does tell us that there are no solutions to this system of equations.
Using algebra, we can rewrite the first equation to isolate
We can then substitute
Thus, we have the unique solution
Using algebra, we can rewrite the first equation to isolate
Determine a unique solution for the following systems of equations using matrices. If there is no unique solution, state how many solutions the system has.
Solution:
Our first step will be to rewrite the equations so that the variables are all in the same order on the left side, and all the constants are on the right side. This gives us:
We can now convert this system of equations into an augmented matrix:
Now, we have our augmented matrix, which we will transform into RREF:
Thus, we have the unique solution
Our first step will be to rewrite the equations so that the variables are all in the same order on the left side, and all the constants are on the right side. This gives us:
We can now convert this system of equations into an augmented matrix:
Now, we have our augmented matrix, which we will transform into RREF:
Since the last row as all 0 elements, except for the last column, which is
Our first step will be to rewrite the equations so that the variables are all in the same order on the left side, and all the constants are on the right side. This gives us:
We can now convert this system of equations into an augmented matrix:
Now, we have our augmented matrix, which we will transform into RREF:
Since both of the rows with leading 1s have a non-zero element in their row (excluding the last column), there are an infinite number of solutions to the system of equations.
At a county festival there are two types of tickets with different prices: Adult, which costs $5, and Child, which costs $2. On Saturday, 1000 people entered the festival and $3350 was collected in ticket sales.
Determine the number of adults and the number of children that visited the festival on Saturday using substitution.
Determine the number of adults and the number of children that visited the festival on Saturday using matrices.
Solution: We start by defining two variables to represent the number of adults,
Since the adult tickets cost $5, the total sales of adult tickets is
Thus, we have
For substitution, our first step is to rewrite the first equation as
For matrices, we can create an augmented matrix using the two equations above:
Now we will solve the problem by transforming this matrix to RREF using EROs:
Thus, once again, we have
There are four teams competing in a sports tournament, which are simply known as Red Team, Blue Team, Pink Team, and Orange Team. Each team has many loyal fans that attend the tournament to cheer on their favourite team. We want to figure out exactly how many fans their are each team, but we only have the following information:
The Red Team and Orange have 8100 fans combined.
The number of Blue Team fans multiplied by 3 is 1700 more than the number of Pink Team fans multiplied by 2.
The Orange Team has 400 fans more than the Pink Team.
The combined number of Blue Team and Orange team fans is 1800 more than the number of Red Team fans.
There are
Using either substitution or matrices, determine how many fans there are for each team.
Solution: We begin by defining variables to represent the number of fans for each team. We will label them as
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
We can then write this as a proper system of equations, with the variables ordered on the left and constants on the right, as seen below:
We will solve this problem using both methods.
For substitution, we can begin by rewriting the first equation as
So, we have
For matrices, we can transform the above system of equations into the following augmented matrix:
Now, we we will solve the problem by transforming the matrix into RREF, which gives:
Thus, we get the solution